1. Land surveying: This involves the measurement and mapping of land and its features, including boundaries, topography, and natural and man-made features.
2. Construction surveying: This involves the measurement and mapping of construction sites and structures to ensure they are built according to the design specifications.
3. Engineering surveying: This involves the measurement and mapping of engineering projects such as roads, bridges, tunnels, and pipelines.
4. Geodetic surveying: This involves the measurement and mapping of the Earth’s surface and the positions of points on it, including latitude, longitude, and elevation.
5. Hydrographic surveying: This involves the measurement and mapping of bodies of water and the features within them, such as depth, current, and underwater structures.

Land surveying is the process of accurately determining the size, boundaries, and physical features of a piece of land. It involves the use of various tools and techniques to measure and map out the terrain, including GPS devices, total stations, and other measuring instruments.

Land surveyors play an important role in a variety of fields, including construction, real estate, and civil engineering. They are responsible for creating precise maps and measurements that are used in the planning and design of buildings, roads, and other infrastructure projects.

The process of land surveying typically involves the following steps:

1. Research and data collection: This involves gathering information about the land, such as its location, size, and legal boundaries.
2. Fieldwork: This involves physically visiting the site and taking measurements and other data using surveying instruments.
3. Data analysis and mapping: This involves using computer software to analyze the data and create accurate maps and measurements of the land.
4. Reporting: This involves creating reports that document the survey findings and provide recommendations for further action.

Overall, land surveying is a critical process that ensures accurate and reliable measurements of the land, which is essential for a wide range of applications.